Improvement in the manufacture of two and three ply carpets



NrTE' STATES- IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TWO AND THREE PLYCARPETS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. ?,825, dated December10, 1850.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER SMITH, of West Farms, in the county ofWestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Fabrics known under the appellation of Ingrain orKidderminster Carpets, whether of two or three plies, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention consists in weaving two and three ply ingrain carpets bythe combination of party-colored warp and weft, arranged so as to causethe warp and weft to unite in forming the same color in the figure asproduced by the jacquard or any other mechanical means by which anyvariety of colors or shades on one or more plies that may be desired maybe produced in the same range, in the direction both of the warp and theweft, the figure being formed by throwing down the weft, which obviatesany difficulties arising from imperfections in the party-coloring of theyarn.

The mode of procedure which I have practiced is as follows, viz:Foratwo-ply I partycolor the warps according to the figure to beproduced and the variety of its colors. If, for instance, if I want tomake in the same range red, green, and blue, the warps areparty-colored, a portion red, of the required length, so that when wovenin the red will appear on the surface,then a portion green of therequired length, and then a portion blue of the required length. Eachwarp-thread may be party-colored according to its position in thebreadth of the fabric; and it it be desired also to vary the colors ofthe fabric in the direction of the breadth it will be obvious this maybe done in like manner, as the form of the figure and the variety of itscolors, in connection with the length taken up by the weaving-in, willdetermine the length and variety of colors to be given to eachwarp-thread; out this alone would not suffice, for the weft would stillpresent a striped appearance on the fabric; and to avoid this I alsoparty-color the weft tocorrespond with its position in 'thefabric,making the requisite allowance for the slight amount of length whichwill be taken up by the weaving-in or interlacing of the warps, so thatwith this allowance the position of each weft in the figure willdetermine the variety of colors and the length of each which is to begiven to the weft-threads in party-coloring them. In this way onesurface of the two-ply will present the full and well-defined figiire ofany variety of colors or shades desired; but the other or under facewill not be so perfect, as, by the working of thejacquard the variouscolors will be carried through to the under ply. Still greater varietymay be given to the figure by partycoloring the ground warp and weft.

In the weaving of three-ply carpets the warp and weft are to be preparedand treated in the same manner as for the two-ply; but having one moreply a greater variety can be obtained by party-coloring the yarns fortwo or all of the plies, if desired. The figure is not produced byparty-coloring the yarn, but by the jacquard, and the yarn isparty-colored simply to prevent the blending of colors which are notdesired, and which really do not belong to the design, so thatin a givenlength there may be any desired variety of colors, whereas in the usualmode of weaving such fabrics the figures in the same range can only beof one color.

I am aware that fabrics have been woven with party-colored warp, andsometimes with party-colored weft; but I am not aware that two or threeply ingraiu carpets, or any other fabric, have ever been woven withparty-colored warp and weft combined, for the purpose of causing thesame color in both to unite in forming the same color in the fabric.

What I claim therefore as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent in the weaving of two or three ply ingrain carpets, 1s-

The employment of party-colored warp and weft, operated by the jacquardor other me-- chanical means, to form the figure when the same colors inthe warp and in the weft are caused to combine together to form thesamecolored figure in the fabric, substantially as dc scribed.

ALEXANDER SMITH.

Witnesses:

CANSN. BROWNE, WM. Brsnor.

